{"id":4655,"date":"2021-09-17T10:07:14","date_gmt":"2021-09-17T10:07:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/?p=4655"},"modified":"2021-09-17T10:07:14","modified_gmt":"2021-09-17T10:07:14","slug":"solving-copper-loss-and-low-insulation-resistance-in-subsea-production-systems","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/solving-copper-loss-and-low-insulation-resistance-in-subsea-production-systems\/","title":{"rendered":"Solving Copper Loss and Low Insulation Resistance in Subsea Production Systems"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 has-pattern-background has-mask-background no-vert-padding nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-no-small-visibility\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:0px;--awb-padding-right:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-1 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#002955;--awb-padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div id=\"menu-widget-3\" class=\"widget menu\"><style type=\"text\/css\">#menu-widget-3{text-align:center;}#fusion-menu-widget-3 li{display:inline-block;}#fusion-menu-widget-3 ul li a{display:inline-block;padding:0;border:0;color:#002d59;font-size:0.867rem;}#fusion-menu-widget-3 ul li a:after{content:\"\";color:#002d59;padding-right:35px;padding-left:35px;font-size:0.867rem;}#fusion-menu-widget-3 ul li a:hover,#fusion-menu-widget-3 ul .menu-item.current-menu-item a{color:#002d59;}#fusion-menu-widget-3 ul li:last-child a:after{display:none;}#fusion-menu-widget-3 ul li .fusion-widget-cart-number{margin:0 7px;background-color:#002d59;color:#002d59;}#fusion-menu-widget-3 ul li.fusion-active-cart-icon .fusion-widget-cart-icon:after{color:#002d59;}<\/style><nav id=\"fusion-menu-widget-3\" class=\"fusion-widget-menu\" aria-label=\"Secondary navigation\"><ul id=\"menu-tertiary-menu\" class=\"menu\"><li id=\"menu-item-165\" class=\"subsea-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-165\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/subsea-oil-gas\/\">Subsea Oil &#038; Gas<\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-164\" class=\"railways-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-164\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/railways\/\">Railways<\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-163\" class=\"industrial-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-163\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/industrial\/\">Industrial<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-parallax-none post-header-container page-hero nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling lazyload\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-background-image:linear-gradient(120deg, rgba(0,45,89,0.6) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,0) 100%);;--awb-background-size:cover;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" data-bg=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Ocean-Wave-Break.jpg\" data-bg-gradient=\"linear-gradient(120deg, rgba(0,45,89,0.6) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,0) 100%)\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;width:50%;width:calc(50% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.5 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:6.667rem;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:6.667rem;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-no-small-visibility fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:5.333rem;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 no-bottom-padding nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_2_3 2_3 fusion-two-third fusion-column-first fusion-column-no-min-height\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-top:0px;width:65.3333%; margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\" style=\"--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:1.333rem;--awb-margin-top-small:0px;\"><h1 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:46.461;line-height:1.3;\">Solving Copper Loss and Low Insulation Resistance in Subsea Production Systems<\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e0dede;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-four\" style=\"--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:1rem;--awb-margin-bottom-small:1rem;\"><h4 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:19.261;--minFontSize:19.261;line-height:1.5;\">September 17, 2021<\/h4><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e0dede;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-top:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p>It is well known that the most common subsea electrical failure is as a result of water ingress into cables and connectors with degraded insulation. Failure of insulation resistance (IR) in a seawater environment can lead to serious, and potentially catastrophic, damage of the copper conductors of a cable unless the insulation failure is repaired.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 fusion-flex-container no-top-padding nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-stretch fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:104%;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:2rem;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:1;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:1;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><p>With electro-hydraulic subsea production control systems, the delivery of electrical power from a topsides facility to the subsea equipment is generally considered a low-risk part of the system design. Of course, there is always some electrical analysis work to do up-front that considers the selection of dc or ac, single phase or three phase, voltage levels, umbilical electrical parameters such as conductor sizes. The analysis is driven by the field layout, offset distances, power demands and future field expansion requirements.<\/p>\n<p>Since the electrical power system is critical for the operation of the subsea equipment, production availability will be directly impacted if the electrical system fails. Most subsea production systems utilise an Isolation Terra (IT) or \u2018floating earth\u2019 electrical supply system. The main advantage of the IT system and why it is used extensively in critical supply applications is that it guarantees continuity of supply in the presence of an insulation fault on one of the conductors. A truly fault-tolerant system \u2013 or is it?<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-position:center center;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:2rem;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-none\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Subsea-Control-System.jpg\" class=\"fusion-lightbox\" data-rel=\"iLightbox[2533656e55ff93772b6]\" data-title=\"Viper V-LIFE Insulation Resistance\" title=\"Viper V-LIFE Insulation Resistance\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"878\" src=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Subsea-Control-System.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Subsea-Control-System.jpg\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-4666\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272000%27%20height%3D%27878%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202000%20878%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272000%27%20height%3D%27878%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Subsea-Control-System-200x88.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Subsea-Control-System-400x176.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Subsea-Control-System-600x263.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Subsea-Control-System-800x351.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Subsea-Control-System-1200x527.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Subsea-Control-System.jpg 2000w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 1184px) 100vw, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-6 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:2rem;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><p>As required by a number of International (IEC) and national standards, an insulation monitoring device (IMD) or Line Insulation Monitor (LIM) is mandatory in an IT system in order to identify a first fault, so that it can be repaired before a hazardous second fault occurs. The result of the IMD being connected is that the current flow being driven by the IMD results in copper ions moving into solution (sea water), thereby causing copper loss at the wetted surface of the copper conductor. It can therefore be concluded that the action of any IMD to monitor IR degradation in a cable which is submerged in seawater will cause damage to the copper conductors at the point where the conductor insulation is damaged.<\/p>\n<p>Viper Innovations\u2019 V-LIM product, however, has been designed specifically for subsea applications. One feature of the V-LIM is that it reduces the applied voltage and therefore leakage current in low IR conditions.\u00a0 This significantly reduces this copper loss effect when compared with competing IMDs on the market.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-5 fusion-flex-container no-top-padding nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-stretch fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:104%;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-7 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:2rem;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:1;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:1;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><h2>Solving Insulation Resistance (IR) Faults with Viper Innovations<\/h2>\n<p>There are two schools of thought as to how to deal with insulation resistance (IR) faults; monitor and leave until failure or replace equipment until the fault or faults are found. But what if there were a third option?<\/p>\n<p>One way of reducing the impact of low IR is to deploy Viper Innovations\u2019 V-LIFE technology. V-LIFE is an innovative software activated function of the topsides located V-LIM, that initiates an electrokinetic and electrochemical process within the damaged cable. The application of V-LIFE blocks any pores in the insulation with a precipitate, thereby removing the seawater electrolyte and increasing insulation resistance. As a result, the leakage current decreases and any copper loss is dramatically reduced.<\/p>\n<p>In the scenario where there is a fault on both conductors, independent of any installed IMD, there will be a significant amount of copper loss from the umbilical or cable conductors.\u00a0 This copper loss or \u2018copper corrosion\u2019 results from the current leakage driven by the voltage applied to the umbilical for the surface to subsea power transfer.\u00a0 The copper corrosion resulting from this insulation failure could ultimately lead to complete failure of the electrical conductors.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-8 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-position:center center;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:2rem;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper lazyload fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column fusion-column-has-bg-image\" data-bg-url=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Sea-Platform.jpg\" data-bg=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Sea-Platform.jpg\"><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:13.333rem;width:100%;\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-full-width-sep global-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:13.333rem;width:100%;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-6 fusion-flex-container no-top-padding nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-stretch fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:104%;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-9 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-position:center center;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:2rem;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-2 hover-type-none\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/LIM-Copper-Corrosion-scaled.jpg\" class=\"fusion-lightbox\" data-rel=\"iLightbox[202691ae594983b9829]\" data-title=\"LIM Copper Corrosion\" title=\"LIM Copper Corrosion\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1440\" src=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/LIM-Copper-Corrosion-scaled.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/LIM-Copper-Corrosion-scaled.jpg\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-4654\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271440%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202560%201440%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272560%27%20height%3D%271440%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/LIM-Copper-Corrosion-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/LIM-Copper-Corrosion-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/LIM-Copper-Corrosion-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/LIM-Copper-Corrosion-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/LIM-Copper-Corrosion-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/LIM-Copper-Corrosion-scaled.jpg 2560w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 1184px) 100vw, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-5\"><p><em>The corrosion affects a wide area as a result of water penetration of the wire intersects. The copper corrosion has resulted in strands breaking.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-10 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:2rem;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-6\"><p>V-LIFE will increase the IR on both thereby also reducing considerably this copper corrosion. If V-LIFE can be used to increase the IR to 3.5M\u03a9 from an assumed starting point of 30k\u03a9, then the rate of copper loss will be reduced by a factor of more than four times over the rate of loss due to the standard third-party IMD. If the IR is increased to 30M\u03a9, then the factor increases to almost 15 times less copper loss.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, besides replacing failed cables and umbilicals, the only real solution to mitigate the copper corrosion is to activate V-LIFE on the Viper V-LIM. The V-LIFE process blocks any paths that the seawater will take to reach the copper and thereby reduce, by orders of magnitude, the corrosion of the copper and subsequently extend the life of the subsea electrical infrastructure.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-7\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Copper-Loss-Study.pdf\">Click here to read our full Copper Loss Study technical paper.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4656,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,1],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.6 - 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