{"id":7656,"date":"2023-03-02T14:41:41","date_gmt":"2023-03-02T14:41:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/?p=7656"},"modified":"2023-03-22T15:00:49","modified_gmt":"2023-03-22T15:00:49","slug":"five-facts-about-insulation-resistance-testing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/five-facts-about-insulation-resistance-testing\/","title":{"rendered":"Five Facts You Should Know About Insulation Resistance Testing"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 has-pattern-background has-mask-background no-vert-padding nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-no-small-visibility\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:0px;--awb-padding-right:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-1 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#002955;--awb-padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div id=\"menu-widget-3\" class=\"widget menu\"><style type=\"text\/css\">#menu-widget-3{text-align:center;}#fusion-menu-widget-3 li{display:inline-block;}#fusion-menu-widget-3 ul li a{display:inline-block;padding:0;border:0;color:#002d59;font-size:0.867rem;}#fusion-menu-widget-3 ul li a:after{content:\"\";color:#002d59;padding-right:35px;padding-left:35px;font-size:0.867rem;}#fusion-menu-widget-3 ul li a:hover,#fusion-menu-widget-3 ul .menu-item.current-menu-item a{color:#002d59;}#fusion-menu-widget-3 ul li:last-child a:after{display:none;}#fusion-menu-widget-3 ul li .fusion-widget-cart-number{margin:0 7px;background-color:#002d59;color:#002d59;}#fusion-menu-widget-3 ul li.fusion-active-cart-icon .fusion-widget-cart-icon:after{color:#002d59;}<\/style><nav id=\"fusion-menu-widget-3\" class=\"fusion-widget-menu\" aria-label=\"Secondary navigation\"><ul id=\"menu-tertiary-menu\" class=\"menu\"><li id=\"menu-item-165\" class=\"subsea-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-165\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/subsea-oil-gas\/\">Subsea Oil &#038; Gas<\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-164\" class=\"railways-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-164\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/railways\/\">Railways<\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-163\" class=\"industrial-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-163\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/industrial\/\">Industrial<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<br \/>\n<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-parallax-none post-header-container page-hero nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling lazyload\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-background-image:linear-gradient(120deg, rgba(0,45,89,0.6) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,0) 100%);;--awb-background-size:cover;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" data-bg=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Yellow-Sea-Platform.jpg\" data-bg-gradient=\"linear-gradient(120deg, rgba(0,45,89,0.6) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,0) 100%)\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;width:50%;width:calc(50% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.5 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:6.667rem;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:6.667rem;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-no-small-visibility fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:5.333rem;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 no-bottom-padding nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_2_3 2_3 fusion-two-third fusion-column-first fusion-column-no-min-height\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-top:0px;width:65.3333%; margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\" style=\"--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:1.333rem;--awb-margin-top-small:0px;\"><h1 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:46.461;line-height:1.3;\">Five Facts You Should Know About Insulation Resistance Testing<\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e0dede;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-four\" style=\"--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:1rem;--awb-margin-bottom-small:1rem;\"><h4 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:19.261;--minFontSize:19.261;line-height:1.5;\">March 2, 2023<\/h4><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e0dede;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-top:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p>Subsea technology plays a major part in the commercial viability of offshore oil and gas projects. If a new discovery can be tied-back to an existing development, capital expenditure and return-on-investment time is slashed. Projects that might otherwise have not been economically viable can deliver value.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 fusion-flex-container no-top-padding nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-stretch fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:104%;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:2rem;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><p>Subsea control equipment draws electrical power from the surface located (topside) equipment of an attached installation using purpose-made cables known as umbilicals. These may contain multiple live copper conductors and it is vital that these are kept electrically isolated from:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Other conductors<\/li>\n<li>Earthed cable protection, such as steel armour<\/li>\n<li>The surrounding seawater<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>This is the job of the insulation material surrounding the conductors. A good insulator resists the flow of electrical current. If it is compromised or damaged, harmful leakage currents will develop and lead to faults and eventual failure.<\/p>\n<p>Insulation Resistance (IR) testing can be carried out to identify a drop in resistance caused by current leakage, enabling operators to take remedial action before serious faults or even failure occurs. Here are five useful facts about IR theory and practice.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-position:center center;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:2rem;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper lazyload fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column fusion-column-has-bg-image\" data-bg-url=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/umbilical-cable-stock-strip.jpg\" data-bg=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/umbilical-cable-stock-strip.jpg\"><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:13.333rem;width:100%;\"><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-full-width-sep global-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:13.333rem;width:100%;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-6 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:2rem;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><h3><strong>Five facts you should know about insulation resistance (IR) testing:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-7 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-position:center center;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:2rem;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper lazyload fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column fusion-column-has-bg-image\" data-bg-url=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/V-LIM-Display-Closeup.jpg\" data-bg=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/V-LIM-Display-Closeup.jpg\"><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:13.333rem;width:100%;\"><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-full-width-sep global-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:13.333rem;width:100%;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-8 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:2rem;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><h3>1. What insulation resistance is and why you should test it<\/h3>\n<p>Insulation Resistance is the ability of the insulation material to prevent leakage currents flowing between live conductors, or from the conductors to ground. When the IR is high, the integrity of the cable is good. If the IR breaks down, it can eventually cause electrical failure of the subsea equipment and lost production.<\/p>\n<p>In subsea applications equipment downtime and replacement of umbilicals or the Electrical Flying Leads (EFLs) between equipment will inevitably be expensive. It is therefore crucial that IR testing and monitoring is carried out. Insulation degradation tends to occur gradually, so having complete and continuous information allows developing issues to be monitored, mitigated against, and eventually resolved in the most economical manner.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Why insulation resistance degrades<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/top-four-causes-of-electrical-failure-in-subsea-cables\/\">Factors that can cause IR degradation<\/a> can be classified as either Intrinsic or Extrinsic.<\/p>\n<p>Intrinsic factors are faults native to the system, i.e. those occurring during manufacture or assembly, incorrect design or material quality issues.<\/p>\n<p>Mechanical stress of the cable or connectors during installation or handling can damage the insulation, as can collision damage from vessel anchors or ROVs. Scouring damage from the seabed is also a known source of degradation. These are examples of Extrinsic factors.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-9 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:2rem;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-5\"><h3>3. What insulation resistance testing does and how it is performed<\/h3>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/the-theory-of-insulation-testing\/\">theory behind IR testing<\/a> is derived from Ohm\u2019s Law. Apply a known voltage between conductors and earth then measure the leakage current drawn. From this result a figure for IR can be calculated with the result expressed in Ohms.<\/p>\n<p>Testing of IR integrity can take two forms, and both have relative merits.<\/p>\n<p>Installing a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Copper-Loss-Study.pdf\">Line Insulation Monitor<\/a> (LIM) allows continuous surveillance of the system while in service. Automatic alarms can be generated if the IR parameters exceed pre-defined limits, especially useful when integrated with a SCADA system. LIMs typically apply a low-frequency AC voltage.<\/p>\n<p>Periodic or on-demand testing can also be carried out on a de-energised system using an IR tester that applies a high DC voltage for a set period of time. The results can be interpreted to identify the approximate nature as well as the presence of a fault.<\/p>\n<h3>4. Mandatory insulation resistance testing may cause copper loss, but it can be mitigated<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch\/publication\/1865\">IEC 60364<\/a> covers the insulation monitoring requirements of IT (Isolation Terra, unearthed) systems such as those used on subsea equipment. However, where an insulation fault allows seawater ingress, it is known that LIM devices can exacerbate damage to the cable by promoting an electrochemical reaction that degrades the copper itself.<\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/v-lim\/\">V-LIM<\/a> system from Viper Innovations can help to mitigate against this by regulating the applied voltage used during operation, minimising the copper loss while continuing to accurately monitor the IR. When compared to alternate systems lacking this capability, the time available to rectify the issue before eventual failure is greatly increased.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-10 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-position:center center;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:2rem;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper lazyload fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column fusion-column-has-bg-image\" data-bg-url=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/V-LIFE-Cabinet-2.jpg\" data-bg=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/V-LIFE-Cabinet-2.jpg\"><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:13.333rem;width:100%;\"><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-full-width-sep global-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:13.333rem;width:100%;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-11 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:2rem;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-6\"><h3>5. Insulation resistance faults can be recovered<\/h3>\n<p>Replacing umbilicals or EFLs with insulation faults involves production shutdown and a costly work-over campaign. However, there is a corrective method that requires no subsea intervention.<\/p>\n<p>Any subsea system already equipped with V-LIM can be augmented with the installation of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/v-life\/\">V-LIFE<\/a>. Implementing this unique feature, via a simple software configuration change, introduces an electrical passivation signal which promotes an electrokinetic and electrochemical reaction to occur at the site (or sites) of the seawater ingress.<\/p>\n<p>This actively heals damaged insulation material, preventing further water ingress and restoring the integrity of the cable, at a fraction of the cost of replacement.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Get in touch using our <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/contact-us\/\"><strong>contact form<\/strong><\/a><strong> or email <\/strong><a href=\"mailto:enquiries@viperinnovations.com\"><strong>enquiries@viperinnovations.com<\/strong><\/a><strong> to learn more about preventative IR testing, and how to optimise the service life of your subsea cables and equipment.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-12 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:2rem;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-5 full-padding product-container no-top-padding nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-equal-height-columns\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-13 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:3.333rem;--awb-padding-right:3.333rem;--awb-padding-bottom:1.333rem;--awb-padding-left:3.333rem;--awb-bg-color:#d8dfe8;--awb-bg-color-hover:#d8dfe8;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;width:50%;width:calc(50% - ( ( 0 ) * 0.5 ) );margin-right: 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-7\"><h2 style=\"text-align: center;\" data-fontsize=\"43\" data-lineheight=\"56\">Viper Innovations.<\/h2>\n<h4 class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"text-align: center;\" data-fontsize=\"42.672\" data-lineheight=\"59.7408px\">Subsea Insulation Resistance Monitoring<\/h4>\n<h4 class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"text-align: center;\" data-fontsize=\"42.672\" data-lineheight=\"59.7408px\">&amp; Recovery Specialists.<\/h4>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-8\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"custom-bttn yellow-bttn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/contact-us\/\">Get In Touch<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-14 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-last column-jq-bg\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-top:0px;width:50%;width:calc(50% - ( ( 0 ) * 0.5 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper lazyload fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy fusion-column-has-bg-image\" data-bg-url=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Image-B-copy.jpg\" data-bg=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Image-B-copy.jpg\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content-centered\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-9 jq-column-background\"><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload alignnone size-full wp-image-4553\" src=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Image-B-copy.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Image-B-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1559\" height=\"1039\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271559%27%20height%3D%271039%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201559%201039%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271559%27%20height%3D%271039%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Image-B-copy-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Image-B-copy-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Image-B-copy-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Image-B-copy-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Image-B-copy-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Image-B-copy-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Image-B-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Image-B-copy-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Image-B-copy-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Image-B-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Viper-Image-B-copy.jpg 1559w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 1559px) 100vw, 1559px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element fusion-image-align-center in-legacy-container\" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><div class=\"imageframe-align-center\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"286\" height=\"76\" title=\"V-IR Logo\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27286%27%20height%3D%2776%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20286%2076%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27286%27%20height%3D%2776%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/V-IR-Logo.svg\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-2284\"\/><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-10\"><p><a class=\"custom-bttn dark-bttn full-span-bttn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.viperinnovations.com\/subsea-insulation-resistance-monitoring-recovery\/\">LEARN MORE ABOUT OUR RANGE OF IR SOLUTIONS<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2037,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.5 - 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